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section — the field guide

Glossary of company research

The working vocabulary of company research, OSINT and due diligence — defined plainly, with links into the file where each term comes to life.

OSINT

Open-source intelligence — gathering and analyzing information from publicly available sources. It's the discipline behind a company dossier: public record only, no privileged access.

Competitive intelligence

The practice of researching competitors and a market to inform strategy. A dossier on a rival is a fast way to start.

Due diligence

The investigation a buyer, investor or partner runs before committing to a deal. A dossier is the lightweight, public-source brief that usually comes first. See the due-diligence use case.

Firmographics

The descriptive attributes of a company — industry, size, location, revenue band, ownership. The "demographics" of a business, and the backbone of the overview section.

Technographics

Data about the technology a company uses — its languages, frameworks, vendors and tools. Read as the tech fingerprint in a dossier.

Tech stack

The specific set of technologies a company builds and runs on, from databases to analytics tools. Useful for a pitch, a partnership, or sizing up a competitor.

Org chart

A map of how a company is structured — who leads, who reports to whom, and where the depth sits. A dossier renders a sketch of it from public signals.

Wayback Machine

A public archive of historical web pages. It lets researchers see how a company's site, claims and positioning have changed over time.

DNS recon

Inspecting a domain's public DNS records to learn about a company's web infrastructure and online footprint — a standard OSINT technique.

ICP

Ideal Customer Profile — the type of company a business sells to best. Dossiers help sales teams confirm whether a target fits the ICP. See the sales use case.

TAM / SAM / SOM

Total, Serviceable, and Serviceable Obtainable Market — nested estimates of market size, from everyone who could buy to the slice you can realistically win.

Data room

A secure, private repository of documents shared during a deal for formal due diligence. The opposite of a dossier, which is built entirely from public sources.

KYB

Know Your Business — the compliance process of verifying the identity and legitimacy of a business entity, the corporate cousin of KYC.

UBO

Ultimate Beneficial Owner — the real person who ultimately owns or controls a company, even through layers of holding entities. A key target of ownership research.

SIC / NAICS code

Standard industry classification codes (US and international) that label what a business does. They make firmographic data sortable and comparable.

Headcount signal

An inferred read on a company's size and growth, drawn from public traces like job postings and team pages, when an exact employee count isn't published.

Hiring velocity

The rate at which a company is opening roles and growing teams — an early indicator of momentum, direction and funding, surfaced by the hiring radar.

Sourcing / attribution

Pinning each claim to the public source it came from. In a dossier, every line is sourced so you can verify it and dig deeper. Central to how it works.

Confidence tagging

Flagging how well-supported a claim is — an official filing is firmer than a figure inferred from a job ad. It keeps a dossier honest about its own certainty.

Relationship graph

A network view of a company's customers, partners and rivals — reading a business by the company it keeps. The relationship web in a dossier.

Risk flag

A surfaced item worth a second look — a lawsuit, layoffs or a reputation note. A dossier surfaces these rather than burying them, so nothing surprises you later.

Public record

The body of information anyone can lawfully access — filings, news, posted jobs, company sites. A dossier is built from the public record only.

Entity resolution

Determining that scattered references all point to one real company, and not two with similar names. The first step in building a clean dossier.

Footprint

A company's physical and operational presence — its offices and locations, plotted on a map rather than listed as addresses.

Start with the basics

New to all this? Read what a company dossier is, see how one is built, or open a sample file to watch these terms in context.

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